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Midterm Exam final

True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false
 

1. 
The volume of liquid displaced by a floating cork is less than the volume of the object.

 

2. 
The property of matter that resists a change in motion is called inertia.

 

3. 
The air pressure at an altitude of 3 km is less than the air pressure at 1 km.

 

4. 
Air enters your lungs when you inhale because the pressure inside your lungs and the pressure outside are balanced.

 

5. 
A rocket will move upward as long as the thrust is greater than the pull of gravity.

 

6. 
Hydraulic systems use two pistons with different surface areas to lift heavy objects.

 

7. 
A child riding on a merry-go-round is accelerating because his direction is changing.

 

8. 
Unbalanced forces maintain motion at constant velocity.

 

9. 
Motion is measured relative to a reference point.

 

10. 
According to Newton’s second law of motion, force equals mass times weight.

 

11. 
More force is required to lift an object in water than on land because of the buoyant force of the water.

 

12. 
A straight line on a motion graph indicates constant speed.

 

13. 
The pressure you exert on the floor decreases when you stand on your toes because the area on which you exert force decreases.

 

14. 
The upper layer of Earth is broken into more than a dozen continents that move very slowly in various directions.

 

15. 
The force of gravity decreases as the masses of objects increase.

 

16. 
The force that keeps a satellite in Earth orbit is always directed away from the center of Earth.

 

17. 
Wind blowing across the top of a chimney helps to draw air up the chimney. This is an example of Bernoulli’s principle.

 

18. 
Newton’s third law of motion explains that forces act alone.

 

19. 
Friction depends on the types of surfaces involved and how hard the surfaces push together.

 

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

20. 
If the speed of an object does NOT change, the object is traveling at a
a.
constant speed.
b.
average speed.
c.
increasing speed.
d.
decreasing speed.
 

21. 
In physical science, a push or a pull is called a(n)
a.
force.
b.
acceleration.
c.
inertia.
d.
motion.
 

22. 
Air resistance is a type of
a.
motion.
b.
acceleration.
c.
velocity.
d.
friction.
 

23. 
When an object’s distance from another object is changing,
a.
it is in motion.
b.
it is speeding.
c.
it has a high velocity.
d.
it is accelerating.
 

24. 
Speed equals distance divided by
a.
time.
b.
velocity.
c.
size.
d.
motion.
 

25. 
Which of the following is true of the buoyant force?
a.
It acts in the downward direction.
b.
It acts with the force of gravity.
c.
It acts in the upward direction.
d.
It makes an object feel heavier.
 

26. 
A substance whose shape can easily change is a
a.
solid.
b.
powder.
c.
fluid.
d.
metal.
 

27. 
The tendency of an object to resist change in its motion is known as
a.
mass.
b.
inertia.
c.
force.
d.
balance.
 

28. 
Did you bring a book with you to read after the exam?
a.
Yes
b.
No
c.
I forgot
d.
I don't know
 

29. 
What scientific rule states that the pressure exerted by a moving stream of fluid is less than the pressure of the surrounding fluid?
a.
Archimedes’ principle
b.
Pascal’s principle
c.
Bernoulli’s principle
d.
Newton’s third law of motion
 

30. 
When the only force acting on a falling object is gravity, the object is said to be
a.
stationary.
b.
decelerating.
c.
in free fall.
d.
a projectile.
 

31. 
Air pressure decreases as
a.
velocity increases.
b.
elevation increases.
c.
acceleration decreases.
d.
gravity increases.
 

32. 
The pressure exerted by a moving stream of fluid
a.
is greater than the pressure of the surrounding fluid.
b.
is less than the pressure of the surrounding fluid.
c.
depends on the nature of the fluid.
d.
depends on the volume of the fluid.
 

33. 
The braking system on a car is an example of
a.
a hydraulic system.
b.
buoyancy.
c.
Bernoulli’s principle.
d.
Newton’s third law of motion.
 

34. 
According to the law of conservation of momentum, when two objects collide in the absence of friction,
a.
velocity decreases.
b.
velocity increases.
c.
momentum is not lost.
d.
only the object with the larger mass continues on.
 

35. 
The amount of matter in an object is called its
a.
inertia.
b.
mass.
c.
force.
d.
balance.
 

36. 
The product of an object’s mass and velocity is called its
a.
inertia.
b.
momentum.
c.
acceleration.
d.
force.
 

37. 
Which of these is an example of deceleration?
a.
a bird taking off for flight
b.
a baseball released by a pitcher
c.
a car approaching a red light
d.
an airplane turning to change its course
 

38. 
Bernoulli’s principle explains
a.
hydraulic brakes.
b.
buoyancy.
c.
momentum.
d.
flight.
 

39. 
During a lab to avoid chemicals getting into your eyes you should wear
a.
an apron
b.
googles
c.
close toed shoes
d.
rubber gloves
 

40. 
Weight = mass x
a.
force due to balanced forces.
b.
acceleration due to gravity.
c.
inertia due to force.
d.
air resistance.
 

41. 
Which of these substances is the LEAST dense?
a.
wood
b.
copper
c.
mercury
d.
steel
 

42. 
Force = mass x
a.
speed.
b.
motion.
c.
acceleration.
d.
inertia.
 

43. 
In an acceleration graph showing speed versus time, a straight line shows the acceleration is
a.
decreasing.
b.
increasing.
c.
changing.
d.
constant.
 

44. 
What scientific rule states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object?
a.
Archimedes’ principle
b.
Pascal’s principle
c.
Bernoulli’s principle
d.
Newton’s third law of motion
 

45. 
The force of gravity on a person or object at the surface of a planet is known as
a.
mass.
b.
inertia.
c.
air resistance.
d.
weight.
 

46. 
The basic SI unit of length is the
a.
meter.
b.
foot.
c.
inch.
d.
mile.
 

47. 
To dispose of a match you should
a.
throw it in the trash
b.
shake it and then throw it in the trash
c.
place it in the recycling bin
d.
run it under water and then place it in the trash
 

48. 
Air pressure exerted equally on an object from different directions is
a.
balanced pressure.
b.
gravitational pressure.
c.
fluid pressure.
d.
constant pressure.
 

49. 
To determine the acceleration rate of an object, you must calculate the change in velocity during each unit of
a.
speed.
b.
time.
c.
motion.
d.
deceleration.
 

50. 
A ship stays afloat as long as the buoyant force is
a.
less than the ship’s weight.
b.
greater than the ship’s weight.
c.
less than the ship’s speed.
d.
greater than the ship’s speed.
 

51. 
The achievement of lifting a rocket off the ground and into space can be explained by
a.
Newton’s first law.
b.
Newton’s second law.
c.
Newton’s third law.
d.
the law of conservation of momentum.
 

52. 
The law of universal gravitation states that any two objects in the universe, without exception,
a.
attract each other.
b.
repel each other.
c.
combine to provide a balanced force.
d.
create friction.
 

53. 
The force that pulls falling objects toward Earth is called
a.
gravity.
b.
free fall.
c.
acceleration.
d.
air resistance.
 

54. 
A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion is called
a.
a position.
b.
a reference point.
c.
a constant.
d.
velocity.
 

55. 
A train that travels 100 kilometers in 4 hours is traveling at what average speed?
a.
50 km/h
b.
100 km/h
c.
2 km/h
d.
25 km/h
 

56. 
Which of the following is an example of rolling friction?
a.
your shoes on a sidewalk as you walk
b.
bike tires on the road as you ride
c.
a boat on the water as it sails
d.
two hands rubbing together
 

57. 
A Space Shuttle travels in orbit at 21,000 km/hr. How far will it travel after 5 hrs?
a.
105,000 km
b.
4,250 km
c.
72 sec
d.
9 hrs
 

58. 
Forces can be added together only if they are
a.
acting on the same object.
b.
balanced forces.
c.
unaffected by gravity.
d.
substantial.
 

59. 
An object that travels around another object in space is called a
a.
projectile.
b.
inertia.
c.
mass.
d.
satellite.
 

60. 
In graphing motion, the steepness of the slope depends on
a.
how quickly or slowly the object is moving.
b.
how far the object has moved.
c.
the velocity of the object.
d.
the direction the object is moving.
 

61. 
If a bicyclist travels 30 kilometers in two hours, her average speed would be
a.
30 km/h.
b.
60 km/h.
c.
15 km/h.
d.
2 km/h.
 

62. 
A unit of force is called a
a.
Bernoulli.
b.
N/M^2
c.
pound.
d.
Newton
 

63. 
Gallons, inches, and pounds are all
a.
distances.
b.
reference points.
c.
units.
d.
velocities.
 

64. 
When you know both the speed and direction of an object’s motion, you know the
a.
average speed of the object.
b.
acceleration of the object.
c.
distance the object has traveled.
d.
velocity of the object.
 

65. 
The force that one surface exerts on another when the two rub against each other is called
a.
friction.
b.
acceleration.
c.
inertia.
d.
gravity.
 

66. 
Eating the in the lab is
a.
always allowed.
b.
allowed if you have enough to share with everyone.
c.
never allowed.
d.
allowed as long as your food does not have mushrooms in it because Mr. L hates mushrooms.
 

67. 
The momentum of an object is in the same direction as its
a.
force.
b.
acceleration.
c.
velocity.
d.
inertia.
 

68. 
What does a hydraulic system do?
a.
decrease pressure
b.
increase velocity
c.
multiply force
d.
reduce inertia
 

69. 
The mass per unit volume of a substance is its
a.
density.
b.
buoyancy.
c.
weight.
d.
fluid pressure.
 

70. 
The rate at which velocity changes is called
a.
speed.
b.
direction.
c.
acceleration.
d.
motion.
 

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
 

71. 
A jogger runs the first 1000m of a race in 250 sec. What is the jogger's speed?
 

 

72. 
The overall force on an object after all the forces are added together is called the ____________________ force.
 

 

73. 
Speed that does not change is referred to as ____________________ speed.
 

 

74. 
The motion of a car stopping at a traffic light is an example of a ____________________ acceleration, also called deceleration.
 

 

75. 
According to Bernoulli’s principle, the pressure in a moving stream of fluid is ____________________ than the pressure of the surrounding fluid.
 

 

76. 
Water pressure ____________________ with depth.
 

 

77. 
When force is applied to a confined fluid, an increase in ____________________ is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid.
 

 

78. 
____________________ occurs when an object slows down.
 

 

79. 
The force of gravity is responsible for continuously changing the ____________________ in which a satellite moves.
 

 

80. 
Acceleration is the rate of change in ____________________.
 

 

81. 
As the distance between two objects decreases, the gravitational force between them ____________________.
 

 

82. 
The momentum of a roller skater is not conserved because ____________________ acts on the skates.
 

 

83. 
The moon is a natural ____________________ of Earth.
 

 

84. 
Wet pavement is more slippery than dry pavement because the force needed to overcome ____________________ friction is less than the force needed to overcome sliding friction.
 

 

85. 
A speed of 15 kilometers per hour is abbreviated as 15 ____________________.
 

 

86. 
A change in an object’s position relative to a reference point is called ____________________.
 

 

87. 
If a ship has an acceleration of 3 km/h/h, its speed is expressed in the unit ____________________.
 

 

88. 
If the action force of a bat striking a ball accelerates the ball in one direction, the reaction force accelerates the bat in the ____________________ direction.
 

 

89. 
A golf ball ____________________ when either its speed or direction changes.
 

 

90. 
Chocolate syrup sinks in milk because chocolate syrup is more ____________________ than milk.
 

 

91. 
The distance traveled by a moving object per unit of time is called ____________________.
 

 

92. 
The pressure inside an air mattress ____________________ the pressure caused by your weight when you lie on it.
 

 

93. 
A shower curtain is pushed toward the running water of the shower because the air pressure near the water is ____________________ than the air pressure outside the curtain.
 

 

94. 
The basic SI unit of length is the ____________________.
 

 

95. 
A reference point is assumed to be ____________________, or not moving.
 

 

96. 
A ____________________ is one kilogram per m/s/s.
 

 

97. 
When ____________________ equals the force of gravity on a falling object, the object reaches terminal velocity.
 

 

98. 
A block of wood is placed in a jar of water. According to Archimedes’ principle, the ____________________ on the block is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid.
 

 

99. 
If a train traveling north at 30 m/s brakes to a stop in 1 minute, its acceleration is ____________________ southward.
 

 

100. 
The force of gravity between you and Earth is greater than the force of gravity between you and a car because Earth has more ____________________ than the car.
 

 



 
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