Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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What
genetic disorder results in abnormally shaped blood cells? a. | sickle-cell
disease | b. | cystic fibrosis | | |
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2.
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Cloning results in two organisms that are a. | both adult
mammals. | b. | genetically identical. | | |
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3.
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What
is a pedigree? a. | a chart that
tracks which members of a family have a particular trait | b. | a geneticist who
studies the inheritance of traits in humans | | |
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4.
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Which
of these is an example of the benefits of genetic engineering? a. | cross-breeding
to create disease-resistant crops | b. | creating human insulin to treat people with
diabetes | | |
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5.
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Which
form of selective breeding crosses parents with the same or similar sets of alleles? a. | fertilization | b. | inbreeding | | |
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6.
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What
procedure helps doctors diagnose a genetic disorder before a baby is born?
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7.
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What
controls variations in skin color among humans? a. | a person’s diet | b. | at least three
genes | | |
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8.
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Which
form of selective breeding crosses genetically different individuals in an attempt to keep the best
traits of both parents? a. | hybridization | b. | inbreeding | | |
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9.
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Hemophilia is caused by a(n) a. | recessive allele on the X chromosome. | b. | extra
chromosome. | | |
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10.
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What
is a genome? a. | all the plasmids
from splicing DNA in a cell | b. | all the DNA in one cell of an
organism | | |
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11.
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How
does a geneticist use pedigrees? a. | to create genetic crosses | b. | to trace the
inheritance of traits over generations of families | | |
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12.
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Why
does height in humans have such a wide variety of phenotypes? a. | Height is
controlled by at least four genes. | b. | The gene for height has only two
alleles. | | |
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13.
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No
two people have the same DNA, except for a. | identical twins. | b. | crime
suspects. | | |
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14.
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Which
of these human traits is altered by variations in environment?
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15.
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One
parent of a child has type A blood and the other has type B blood. What is the child’s blood
type?
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16.
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How
can genetic counselors predict genetic disorders? a. | by studying karyotypes and pedigree
charts | b. | by taking pictures of a baby before it is
born | | |
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17.
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What
factors can affect a person’s height? a. | environmental factors only | b. | both genes and
environmental factors | | |
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18.
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Which
genetic disorder causes the body to produce unusually thick mucus in the lungs and
intestines? a. | cystic
fibrosis | b. | hemophilia | | |
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19.
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How
do police use DNA fingerprinting to help solve crimes? a. | by comparing a
suspect’s DNA patterns with evidence from a crime scene | b. | by showing that
a suspect’s fingerprints are at a crime scene | | |
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20.
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Sex-linked genes are genes on a. | the X and Y chromosomes. | b. | all 23 pairs of
chromosomes. | | |
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21.
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What
must occur for a girl to be colorblind? a. | Each parent must have the dominant allele for
colorblindness. | b. | Each parent must have the recessive allele for
colorblindness. | | |
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22.
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Which
of these traits is controlled by a gene with multiple alleles? a. | blood
type | b. | smile
dimples | | |
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23.
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Why
are sex-linked traits more common in males than in females? a. | A recessive
allele on the X chromosome will always produce the trait in a male. | b. | All alleles on
the Y chromosome are recessive. | | |
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24.
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What
are multiple alleles? a. | more than two genes that control a
trait | b. | three or more forms of a gene that code for a single
trait | | |
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25.
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Genetic disorders are caused by
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26.
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Which
combination of sex chromosomes results in a male human being?
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27.
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What
is the purpose of the Human Genome Project? a. | to identify the DNA sequence of every gene in the human
genome | b. | to clone every gene on a single chromosome in human
DNA | | |
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28.
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Down
syndrome most often occurs when a. | a person inherits a recessive allele. | b. | chromosomes fail
to separate properly during meiosis. | | |
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29.
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What
is a karyotype? a. | a picture of the
chromosomes in a cell | b. | blood from a newborn baby | | |
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30.
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A
carrier is a person who has a. | one recessive and one dominant allele for a
trait. | b. | two recessive alleles for a trait. | | |
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